Linux下的进程间通信：使用管道和消息队列

这个 receiver 程序不会创建消息队列，尽管 API 尽管建议那样。在 receiver 中，对

int qid = msgget(key, 0666 | IPC_CREAT);

的调用可能因为带有 IPC_CREAT 标志而具有误导性，但是这个标志的真实意义是如果需要就创建，否则直接获取。sender 程序调用 msgsnd 来发送消息，而 receiver 调用 msgrcv 来接收它们。在这个例子中，sender 以 1-1-2-2-3-3 的次序发送消息，但 receiver 接收它们的次序为 3-1-2-1-3-2，这显示消息队列没有被严格的 FIFO 行为所拘泥：

% ./sender
msg1 sent as type 1
msg2 sent as type 1
msg3 sent as type 2
msg4 sent as type 2
msg5 sent as type 3
msg6 sent as type 3
 
% ./receiver
msg5 received as type 3
msg1 received as type 1
msg3 received as type 2
msg2 received as type 1
msg6 received as type 3
msg4 received as type 2

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